Carbon and Its Compounds — Class 10 Science

Take a timed mock test to prepare for your exams.

Chapter Mock Test

Total Marks:43
Duration:45 min
Total Questions:20
Difficulty:Mixed

Test Structure

  • Section A: 10 MCQs (1 mark each = 10 marks)
  • Section B: 6 Short Answer (3 marks each = 18 marks)
  • Section C: 2 Long Answer (5 marks each = 15 marks)
  • Total: 18 questions in 45 minutes

Before taking the test

  • Remember carbon valency is ALWAYS 4. It forms 4 covalent bonds - understand single, double, and triple bond differences
  • Know hydrocarbon formulas: Alkanes CₙH₂ₙ₊₂, Alkenes CₙH₂ₙ, Alkynes CₙH₂ₙ₋₂
  • Understand saturated (single bonds only, less reactive) vs unsaturated (multiple bonds, more reactive)
  • Practice writing combustion equations: Complete produces CO₂ + H₂O, Incomplete produces CO + C + H₂O
  • Learn key functional groups: -OH (alcohol), -CHO (aldehyde), -COOH (carboxylic acid), -CO- (ketone)
  • Understand isomerism - structural isomers have same formula but different structures and properties
  • Compare allotropes of carbon: Diamond (hard, 3D) vs Graphite (soft, layered) - SAME element, DIFFERENT properties
  • Know IUPAC nomenclature: Prefix (carbon count) + Root (bond type) + Suffix (functional group). Practice naming examples.

Key Equations & Formulas

Hydrocarbon Formulas:

Alkane: CₙH₂ₙ₊₂

Alkene: CₙH₂ₙ

Alkyne: CₙH₂ₙ₋₂

Combustion (Complete):

CₙH₂ₘ + (n + m/4)O₂ → nCO₂ + (m/2)H₂O + Heat

Combustion Examples:

CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O

2C₂H₆ + 7O₂ → 4CO₂ + 6H₂O

Incomplete Combustion:

Limited O₂ → CO + C + H₂O

(Yellow sooty flame)

Key Topics Checklist

Carbon's unique properties (valency 4, catenation)
Covalent bonding (single, double, triple bonds)
Hydrocarbon classification and formulas
Functional groups and their properties
Saturated vs unsaturated compounds
Isomerism (structural and positional)
Complete and incomplete combustion
Allotropes of carbon (diamond, graphite, fullerenes)
IUPAC nomenclature
Boiling point trends in alkane series